Lack of independent existence has already been demonstrated for ordinary objects. That can be found here - Examination of Ordinary Objects This essay restricts itself to a single question: how ordinary objects continue to function without independent existence. 1. Objects do not exist from their own side This statement makes no claim about use, transaction, or appearance. Absence of intrinsic substance does not implicitly entail absence of function. Objects are not established in themselves, in another, in both, or without causes. No coherent ontological or metaphysical ground can be found through examination. ...

Consider ordinary objects such as tables, chairs, spoons, cars. Take the chair in particular as the locus of examination. Chairs are built, used, repaired, and discarded. When asked to fetch one, there is no hesitation and no confusion. Not everything that can be spoken of succeeds in this way. Some things exist only conceptually, like unicorns. Some cannot exist even conceptually, like a bachelor’s wife. Chairs and spoons belong to neither case. ...